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| 55903 | A 1.00-mol sample of an ideal monatomic gas is taken through the cycle shown in Figure P22.62. The process A → B is a reversible isothermal expansion. Calculate (a) the net work done by the gas, (b) the energy added to the gas by heat, (c) the energy exhausted from the gas by heat, and (d) the efficiency of the cycle. |
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| 55904 | A 1.00-mol sample of air (a diatomic ideal gas) at 300 K, confined in a cylinder under a heavy piston, occupies a volume of 5.00 L. Determine the final volume of the gas after 4.40 kJ of energy is transferred to the air by heat. |
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| 55905 | A 1.00-mol sample of H2 gas is contained in the left-hand side of the container shown in Figure P22.45, which has equal volumes left and right. The right-hand side is evacuated.
When the valve is opened, the gas streams into the right-hand side. What is the final entropy change of the gas? Does the temperature of the gas change? |
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| 55906 | A 1.00-mol sample of a diatomic ideal gas, initially having pressure P and volume V, expands so as to have pressure 2P and volume 2V. Determine the entropy change of the gas in the process. |
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| 55907 | A 1.00-mol sample of a diatomic ideal gas has pressure P and volume V. When the gas is heated, its pressure triples and its volume doubles. This heating process includes two steps, the first at constant pressure and the second at constant volume. Determine the amount of energy transferred to the gas by heat |
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| 55908 | A 1.00-mol sample of air (a diatomic ideal gas) at 300 K, confined in a cylinder under a heavy piston, occupies a volume of 5.00 L. Determine the final volume of the gas after 4.40 kJ of energy is transferred to the air by heat. |
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| 55909 | A 1.00-km steel railroad rail is fastened securely at both ends when the temperature is 20.0°C. As the temperature increases, the rail begins to buckle. If its shape is an arc of a vertical circle, find the height h of the center of the rail when the temperature is 25.0°C. You will need to solve a transcendental equation. |
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| 55910 | A 1.00-kg iron horseshoe is taken from a forge at 900°C and dropped into 4.00 kg of water at 10.0°C. Assuming that no energy is lost by heat to the surroundings, determine the total entropy change of the horseshoe-plus-water system. |
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| 55911 | A 1.00-kg block of copper at 20.0°C is dropped into a large vessel of liquid nitrogen at 77.3 K. How many kilograms of nitrogen boil away by the time the copper reaches 77.3 K? (The specific heat of copper is 0.092 0 cal/g . °C. The latent heat of vaporization of nitrogen is 48.0 cal/g). |
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| 55912 | A 1.00-kg block of aluminum is heated at atmospheric pressure so that its temperature increases from 22.0°C to 40.0°C. Find
(a) The work done on the aluminum,
(b) The energy added to it by heat and
(c) The change in its internal energy. |
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| 55913 | A 1-L Thermos bottle is full of tea at 90°C. You pour out one cup and immediately screw the stopper back on. Make an order-of-magnitude estimate of the change in temperature of the tea remaining in the flask that results from the admission of air at room temperature. State the quantities you take as data and the values you measure or estimate for them. |
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| 55914 | A 1 500-kg car is moving at 20.0 m/s. The driver brakes to a stop. The brakes cool off to the temperature of the surrounding air, which is nearly constant at 20.0°C. What is the total entropy change? |
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